Typical application of surface cooling crystallizerFor operations below this temperature, where it is not economically feasible to use vacuum equipment or solu
Typical application of surface cooling crystallizer
For operations below this temperature, where it is not economically feasible to use vacuum equipment or solutions with very high boiling points, surface cooling crystallizers are usually specified.
The surface cooling unit is a forced circulation crystallizer consisting of a shell and tube heat exchanger through which the slurry for crystal growth is pumped, the crystallizer body for retention time, and recirculation pumps and pipes. A baffle inside the crystallizer is used to control size and slurry density to separate fine crystals from long magma.
The circulation rate through the heat exchanger is usually high enough so that the temperature drop range is 1 to 2°F. Around the tube are cooling media, or regulating water or evaporating refrigerant circulating through segmented baffles.
Because the tube wall is the cooler part of the crystallization system, the temperature difference between the wall and the slurry pumped through the tube needs to be kept as small as possible. The actual value depends on the operating period and the properties and characteristics of the material. A temperature difference of 5 to 15°F is required to achieve a reasonable operating cycle.
Surface cooled crystallizers are used where the boiling point of a solution rises very high, as in the case of caustic solutions, or when the temperature level is too low for vacuum evaporation to be practical.
Typical applications for surface cooled crystallizers are the treatment of sodium chloride from caustic solutions, sodium carbonate decahydrate from waste solutions, and sodium chlorate from saturated solutions of sodium chloride.
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